A tympanum (plural, tympana; from Greek and Latin words meaning “drum”) is the semi-circular or triangular decorative wall surface over an entrance, door or window, which is bounded by a lintel and an arch. It often contains sculpture or other imagery or ornaments. Many architectural styles include this element.
What is the semicircular area above the door lintel of many Romanesque church portals?
In Romanesque architecture, the tympanum constitutes the area between the lintel over a doorway and the arch above. During the 11th and 12th centuries in Europe, tympana over church portals were decorated with intricate and stylized relief sculpture.
What is the purpose of a tympanum?
Over a doorway is very often the most important location for monumental sculpture on the outside of a building. The purpose of a tympanum was simply a decorative wall surface, shaped at a semi-circle or triangle that was over an entrance, door, or window. It often contained sculptures or ornaments.
What is Romanesque sculpture?
Романское искусство/Произведения искусства
What is a tympanum made of?
The tympanum is a relief sculpture with elongated figures. Most of the figures are sculpted in high relief or in the round, as the tympanum is made from 29 pieces of stone, with an average projection of 25 cm (Grivot 25).
What is the name for the semicircular space above the doors on a Romanesque church group of answer choices?
Above the doors leading into the Romanesque church, a horizontal element called the lintel was often heavily carved and part of the narrative of the tympanum above.
What is the name for the semicircular space above the doors on a Romanesque church?
A tympanum (plural, tympana; from Greek and Latin words meaning “drum”) is the semi-circular or triangular decorative wall surface over an entrance, door or window, which is bounded by a lintel and an arch. It often contains sculpture or other imagery or ornaments. Many architectural styles include this element.
Is tympanum decorated with mosaics?
The usual subjects are biblical and symbolic, often arranged in horizontal tiers with numerous figures to illustrate a complete legend. Over the central doorway of Notre-Dame de Paris is a depiction of the Last Judgment. In Italy tympana were sometimes decorated with mosaic or fresco.
What does pediment mean?
1 : a triangular space that forms the gable of a low-pitched roof and that is usually filled with relief sculpture in classical architecture also : a similar form used as a decoration.
What is the purpose of Romanesque tympanum sculpture?
Answer. Explanation: In Romanesque architecture, the tympanum constitutes the area between the lintel over a doorway and the arch above. During the 11th and 12th centuries in Europe, tympana over church portals were decorated with intricate and stylized relief sculpture.
What are the three main function of Romanesque?
To fulfill these functions, Romanesque churches evolved the extensive use of a semicircular (“Roman”) arch for windows, doors, and arcades; a barrel vault (i.e., arches forming a half-cylindrical vault over a rectangular space) or groin vaults (formed by the intersection of two arches) to support the roof of the nave; …
Why is it called Romanesque?
Definition. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the word “Romanesque” means “descended from Roman” and was first used in English to designate what are now called Romance languages (first cited 1715). … Romance language is degenerated Latin language. Romanesque architecture is debased Roman architecture.
What does Romanesque mean?
: of or relating to a style of architecture developed in Italy and western Europe between the Roman and the Gothic styles and characterized in its development after 1000 by the use of the round arch and vault, substitution of piers for columns, decorative use of arcades, and profuse ornament.
Do humans have a tympanum?
The tympanic membrane is a vital component of the human ear, and is more commonly known as the eardrum.
What is tympanum in arts?
tympanum : (plural, tympana): The basically semicircular area enclosed by the arch above the lintel of an arched entranceway. This area is often decorated with sculpture in the Romanesque and Gothic periods.
What is a tympanum zoology?
The tympanum is an external hearing structure in animals such as mammals, birds, some reptiles, some amphibians and some insects. … This typically consists of a membrane capable of vibration known as the tympanum, an air-filled chamber and sensory organs to detect the auditory stimuli.